The Download: online safety's future and climate tech's big pivot

这是今天的《下载》（The Download）通讯，这是我们每周工作日发布的时事通讯，为您提供全球科技动态的每日简报。

**科技研究人员起诉特朗普政府，争夺在线安全的未来**

几个月来，特朗普政府一直在针对那些研究并试图对抗网络上的仇恨言论、骚扰、宣传和虚假信息的研究人员。现在，一些研究人员正在反击。

在一项新的诉讼中，他们试图推翻去年由美国国务卿马可·鲁比奥宣布的针对“外国官员和其他人员”的签证限制政策。

他们表示，该政策违反了外国出生工作者的言论和正当程序权利，这些工作者的工作“支持对科技平台上的内容进行更大的审查”。了解此案如何影响在线安全和言论自由。

——Eileen Guo

**气候科技公司转向关键矿物**

我们已经进入了特朗普政府的第二个任期超过一年，美国对气候问题的支持薄弱。但是，气候科技公司正在寻找方法在这一新环境中生存甚至繁荣，其中包括超越脱碳。

一个例子是波士顿金属公司。这家初创公司已经筹集了7500万美元的新一轮融资，用于生产关键金属，MIT Technology Review独家报道。

该公司以其清洁钢铁生产的努力而闻名，钢铁行业占全球温室气体排放量的约8%。但新的关注点和新鲜资金可能有助于它在工业脱碳支持减弱的时期生存下来。

阅读其高风险转变的完整故事。并了解更多关于气候科技公司重新定义其使命的新策略的分析。

——Casey Crownhart

我们的关于气候科技转向的[故事](https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/05/21/1137622/climate-tech-pivot-critical-minerals/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)来自《火花》（The Spark），这是我们每周的通讯，为您提供气候变化内部动态的独家报道。[订阅](https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/climate-energy-the-spark/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)，每周三将其发送到您的收件箱。

**人工智能能否学会理解世界？**

随着LLMs的局限性变得越来越清晰，研究人员正在开发一种新的AI，旨在理解物理环境：世界模型。

谷歌DeepMind、李飞飞的世界实验室和扬·勒昆的新创业公司最近的进展已经将这些系统推到了AI领域的前沿。今天，在一个独家的虚拟活动中，MIT Technology Review将探讨这些进展以及未来的发展方向。

加入主编Mat Honan、高级AI编辑Will Douglas Heaven和AI记者Grace Huckins，参加面向订阅者的圆桌讨论，讨论世界模型。在这里注册，参加于19:30 GMT / 2:30 PM ET / 11:30 AM PT举行的会议。

世界模型是我们[2026年AI中最重要的10项技术和想法](https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/04/21/1135643/10-ai-artificial-intelligence-trends-technologies-research-2026/?utm_source=the_download&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&utm_term=*%7CSUBCLASS%7C*&utm_content=*%7CDATE:m-d-Y%7C*)之一，这是MIT Technology Review的新列表，列出了塑造AI未来的科技和理念。

必读文章

1. SpaceX申请IPO，预计将成为有史以来最大的一次

这可能会使埃隆·马斯克成为世界上的第一位万亿富翁。(BBC)

+ 但他也是招股说明书中的一项风险因素。(The Verge)

+ 招股说明书首次披露了SpaceX的财务状况。(NYT $)

+ AI支出导致其在2026年第一季度亏损19.4亿美元。(Reuters $)

1. SpaceX is facing competition in its launch dominance.

SpaceX has been the dominant player in the space launch industry, but now rivals are challenging its position. These competitors are making strides in reducing the cost of launches and improving the reliability of their rockets, which could erode SpaceX's market share over time.

2. Nvidia reported record revenues due to the AI boom, despite losing the Chinese market.

Nvidia has seen unprecedented growth in its revenue, largely driven by the surge in demand for AI technologies. However, the company has "largely conceded" China's AI chip market to Huawei, and it generated no revenue from H200 chip sales in China. Despite this, Nvidia's performance has exceeded Wall Street expectations.

3. Samsung averted a massive strike over AI profit-sharing by reaching a tentative deal on bonuses with workers.

Samsung was on the brink of an 18-day walkout due to disputes over AI profit-sharing, but a last-minute deal on bonuses has temporarily resolved the issue. This compromise, however, has exposed deep divisions within the company.

4. President Trump is set to sign a cybersecurity directive related to AI, but it won't require mandatory federal approval for AI models before release.

President Trump is expected to sign a cybersecurity directive concerning AI as soon as today. This move comes in response to growing concerns about AI's role in facilitating online crimes, but the directive stops short of mandating federal approval for AI models prior to their release.

5. OpenAI may file for an IPO within days, aiming to go public as early as September.

The company behind ChatGPT, OpenAI, is reportedly preparing to file for an initial public offering (IPO) within the next few days, with plans to go public as early as September. This move could signify a significant milestone in the commercialization of AI technology.

6. Robotics is not expected to experience a single AI breakthrough like ChatGPT; human work behind humanoid robots is being hidden.

Experts suggest that robotics won't see a transformative AI breakthrough similar to ChatGPT. Additionally, the human effort involved in developing humanoid robots is often overlooked or concealed, which could impact public perception and acceptance of these technologies.

7. New research shows that rocks could generate hydrogen while storing CO2 and produce geothermal power.

Recent studies indicate that rocks have the potential to generate hydrogen and store CO2 simultaneously, while also producing geothermal power. This could be a significant development in the quest for sustainable energy sources.

8. Geopolitical tensions are driving the EU to accelerate a breakup with Big Tech, shifting towards homegrown software.

The EU is speeding up its move away from US-based tech giants due to geopolitical tensions, aiming to develop its own software solutions to reduce dependence on foreign technology.

9. Solid-state battery breakthroughs could soon revolutionize commercial batteries, making them faster and safer than current lithium-ion batteries.

Advancements in solid-state battery technology promise to create batteries that are not only safer but also faster-charging compared to today's lithium-ion batteries, potentially transforming various industries, including automotive and consumer electronics.

10. Two researchers are rebuilding mathematics from the ground up by replacing a fundamental concept in topology.

In a groundbreaking development, two researchers are attempting to redefine mathematics by altering a basic principle in topology, which could have far-reaching implications for the field.

Quote of the Day:

"This isn't a blip, it's an inflection point."

—Gurjeet Grewal, CEO of UK-based Octopus Electric Vehicles, highlighting the impact of the Iran war on boosting European EV sales.

One More Thing:

The new US border wall is an app. The CBP One app was introduced to manage migration more orderly, but many migrants faced difficulties using it, including technical issues and lack of access to necessary resources, turning it into another hurdle in their journey.

我们仍然可以拥有美好的事物

在科技日新月异的今天，我们常常被各种创新和进步所包围。然而，在这个快速发展的世界中，我们是否还能保持对美好事物的追求和珍惜呢？答案是肯定的。尽管时代在变迁，但我们仍然可以拥有并创造美好的事物。

首先，科技的发展为我们带来了许多便利和舒适。智能手机、智能家居、自动驾驶汽车等技术的出现，极大地提高了我们的生活质量。这些创新不仅使我们的生活更加便捷，还为我们提供了更多的可能性和选择。因此，我们应该感谢科技带来的这些美好事物，并继续推动科技创新，以创造更多的便利和舒适。

其次，尽管科技发展迅速，但我们仍然需要关注人与人之间的情感联系和人际关系。在数字化时代，人们往往更倾向于通过社交媒体和虚拟交流来建立联系，而忽视了面对面的交流和真实的人际互动。然而，人与人之间的情感联系是无法被替代的。因此，我们应该努力维护和培养真实的人际关系，与家人、朋友和同事建立深厚的情感纽带。只有这样，我们才能真正体验到人与人之间的情感交流和相互支持的美好。

此外，我们还应该关注环境保护和可持续发展。随着工业化和城市化的加速，环境问题日益严重，气候变化、污染和资源枯竭等问题威胁着我们的生存和发展。因此，我们应该采取积极措施，保护环境、减少污染、节约资源，并推动可持续发展的实践。只有这样，我们才能确保未来的世代也能享受到美好的自然环境和可持续的资源利用。

最后，我们还应该关注个人的成长和内心的平和。在快节奏和高压力的现代生活中，人们往往忽视了自我关怀和内心的需求。因此，我们应该学会放松自己，寻找适合自己的方式来缓解压力，比如运动、冥想、阅读或者旅行等。同时，我们也应该注重个人的成长和发展，不断学习新知识、培养新技能，并追求自己的兴趣和激情。只有这样，我们才能真正实现内心的平和与满足。

总之，尽管时代在变迁，但我们仍然可以拥有并创造美好的事物。通过珍惜科技带来的便利、维护真实的人际关系、关注环境保护和可持续发展以及注重个人成长和内心平和，我们可以继续享受美好的生活，并为未来的世代创造更美好的世界。